對於之前微博項目中首頁:微博文字中的用戶名、話題、鏈接等文字需要高亮顯示,表情字符串需要顯示對應表情。
思路:
1>之前微博中的文字使用NSString,要達到不同文字的高亮顯示,需要使用NSAttributedString
2>微博模型中增加一個屬性,代表屬性字符串
/** string 微博信息內容*/
@property(nonatomic, copy) NSString *text;
/** string 微博信息內容 -- 帶有屬性的(特殊文字會高亮顯示\顯示表情)*/
@property(nonatomic, copy) NSAttributedString *attributedText;
3> 重寫text的setter方法,只要外面傳進來text,就在裡面算出帶屬性的文字attributedText
4>在HWStatusCell的setStatusFrame:方法中
self.contentLabel.attributedText = status.attributedText;
關鍵:利用text算出attributedText!!!正則表達式作用:
1.判斷字符串是否符合某個特定規則
* 判斷某個字符串是否為QQ號碼\電話號碼\郵箱
2.截取字符串中符合某個特定規則的內容
* 截取@"#呵呵呵#[偷笑]5345http://foo.com/blah_blah #解放軍# 58937985"的所有話題\表情\鏈接
1> 正則表達式的基本使用:
/**
使用正則表達式的步驟:
1.創建一個正則表達式對象:定義規則
2.利用正則表達式對象 來測試 相應的字符串
*/
// Pattern : 樣式\規則
// NSString *pattern = @"ab7";
// [] : 找到內部的某一個字符即可
// NSString *pattern = @"[0123456789]";
// NSString *pattern = @"[0-9]";
// NSString *pattern = @"[a-zA-Z0-9]";
// NSString *pattern = @"[0-9][0-9]";
// NSString *pattern = @"\\d\\d\\d";
// NSString *pattern = @"\\d{2,4}";
// ? + *
// ? : 0個或者1個
// + : 至少1個
// * : 0個或者多個
NSString *username = @"6gjkhdjkhgkjh7";
// 1.創建正則表達式
NSString *pattern = @"^\\d.*\\d$";
NSRegularExpression *regex = [[NSRegularExpression alloc] initWithPattern:pattern options:0 error:nil];
// 2.測試字符串
NSArray *results = [regex matchesInString:username options:0 range:NSMakeRange(0, username.length)];
NSLog(@"%zd", results.count);
2> 利用正則表達式找出微博文字中的關鍵字
NSString *str = @"#呵呵呵#[偷笑] http://foo.com/blah_blah #解放軍#//http://foo.com/blah_blah
@Ring花椰菜:就#范德薩發生的#捨不得打[test] 就慣#急急急#著他吧[挖鼻屎]//@崔西獅:小拳頭舉起又放下了
說點啥好呢…… //@toto97:@崔西獅 蹦米咋不揍他#哈哈哈# http://foo.com/blah_blah";
// 創建規則
// 表情的規則
NSString *emotionPattern = @"\\[[0-9a-zA-Z\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]+\\]";
// @的規則
NSString *atPattern = @"@[0-9a-zA-Z\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]+";
// #話題#的規則
NSString *topicPattern = @"#[0-9a-zA-Z\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]+#";
// url鏈接的規則
NSString *urlPattern = @"\\b(([\\w-]+://?|www[.])[^\\s()<>]+(?:\\([\\w\\d]+\\)|([^[:punct:]\\s]|/)))";
// | 匹配多個條件,相當於or\或
NSString *pattern = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@|%@|%@|%@", emotionPattern, atPattern, topicPattern, urlPattern];
// 1.創建正則表達式
NSRegularExpression *regex = [[NSRegularExpression alloc] initWithPattern:pattern options:0 error:nil];
// 2.測試字符串
NSArray *results = [regex matchesInString:str options:0 range:NSMakeRange(0, str.length)];
// 3.遍歷結果
for (NSTextCheckingResult *result in results) {
NSLog(@"%@ %@", NSStringFromRange(result.range), [str substringWithRange:result.range]);
}
3> 使用第三方框架RegexKitLite
注1:該框架為非ARC,使用-fno-objc-arc
注2:添加libicucor.dylib
NSString *str = @"#呵呵呵#[偷笑] http://foo.com/blah_blah #解放軍#//http://foo.com/blah_blah
@Ring花椰菜:就#范德薩發生的#捨不得打[test] 就慣#急急急#著他吧[挖鼻屎]//@崔西獅:小拳頭舉起又放下了
說點啥好呢…… //@toto97:@崔西獅 蹦米咋不揍他#哈哈哈# http://foo.com/blah_blah";
// 表情的規則
NSString *emotionPattern = @"\\[[0-9a-zA-Z\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]+\\]";
// @的規則
NSString *atPattern = @"@[0-9a-zA-Z\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]+";
// #話題#的規則
NSString *topicPattern = @"#[0-9a-zA-Z\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]+#";
// url鏈接的規則
NSString *urlPattern = @"\\b(([\\w-]+://?|www[.])[^\\s()<>]+(?:\\([\\w\\d]+\\)|([^[:punct:]\\s]|/)))";
NSString *pattern = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@|%@|%@|%@", emotionPattern, atPattern, topicPattern, urlPattern];
// NSArray *cmps = [str componentsMatchedByRegex:pattern];
// 遍歷所有的匹配結果
[str enumerateStringsMatchedByRegex:pattern usingBlock:^(NSInteger captureCount, NSString *const
__unsafe_unretained *capturedStrings, const NSRange *capturedRanges, volatile BOOL *const stop) {
NSLog(@"%@ %@", *capturedStrings, NSStringFromRange(*capturedRanges));
}];
// 以正則表達式為分隔符,找出所有非關鍵字
[str enumerateStringsSeparatedByRegex:pattern usingBlock:^(NSInteger captureCount, NSString *const
__unsafe_unretained *capturedStrings, const NSRange *capturedRanges, volatile BOOL *const stop) {
NSLog(@"%@ %@", *capturedStrings, NSStringFromRange(*capturedRanges));
}];
1>重寫HWStatus中text的setter方法

2>轉發微博文字處理
注:轉發微博是由轉發微博用戶名和轉發微博位子組成,用戶名也要處理
微博模型添加轉發微博文字屬性
/** 被轉發的原微博信息字段,當該微博為轉發微博時返回 */
@property(nonatomic, strong) HWStatus *retweeted_status;
/** 被轉發的原微博信息內容 -- 帶有屬性的(特殊文字會高亮顯示\顯示表情)*/
@property(nonatomic, copy) NSAttributedString *retweetedAttributedText;
重寫HWStatus中retweeted_status的setter方法,算出retweetedAttributedText
注意點:
注1:對於attributedText的字體設置,不能直接使用label.font來設置,這樣無效,必須使用addAttribute:
[attributedTextaddAttribute:NSFontAttributeName value:font range:…];
注2:不能使用insertAttributeString: atIndex:或者replaceAttributeString:兩個方法,因為一旦前面的文字替換成表情,[微笑]有四個字符,微笑表情只有一個字符會導致後面的index都變掉,不能正確插入或者替換!!!
注3:將微博打散,文字和表情分別取出來,再進行拼接!!!
注4:每一個打散碎片文字都有一個文字和一個范圍,添加一個HWTextPart模型,將微博文字遍歷後存放到模型數組中
注5:對數組中的模型進行排序,再進行拼接,設置表情、文字、關鍵字等
注6:根據表情文字找到對應的表情圖片,使用之前的HWEmotionTool,添加尋找方法
1>HWTextPart
#import@interface HWTextPart : NSObject /** 這段文字的內容 */ @property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *text; /** 這段文字的范圍 */ @property (nonatomic, assign) NSRange range; /** 是否為特殊文字 */ @property (nonatomic, assign, getter = isSpecical) BOOL special; /** 是否為表情 */ @property (nonatomic, assign, getter = isEmotion) BOOL emotion; @end
2>HWEmotionTool
#import@class HWEmotion; @interface HWEmotionTool : NSObject + (void)addRecentEmotion:(HWEmotion *)emotion; + (NSArray *)recentEmotions; + (NSArray *)defaultEmotions; + (NSArray *)lxhEmotions; + (NSArray *)emojiEmotions; /** * 通過表情描述找到對應的表情 * * @param chs 表情描述 */ + (HWEmotion *)emotionWithChs:(NSString *)chs; @end
// 最近表情的存儲路徑
#define HWRecentEmotionsPath [[NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains
(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject] stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"emotions.archive"]
#import "HWEmotionTool.h"
#import "HWEmotion.h"
#import "MJExtension.h"
@implementation HWEmotionTool
static NSMutableArray *_recentEmotions;
+ (void)initialize
{
_recentEmotions = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:HWRecentEmotionsPath];
if (_recentEmotions == nil) {
_recentEmotions = [NSMutableArray array];
}
}
+ (HWEmotion *)emotionWithChs:(NSString *)chs
{
NSArray *defaults = [self defaultEmotions];
for (HWEmotion *emotion in defaults) {
if ([emotion.chs isEqualToString:chs]) return emotion;
}
NSArray *lxhs = [self lxhEmotions];
for (HWEmotion *emotion in lxhs) {
if ([emotion.chs isEqualToString:chs]) return emotion;
}
return nil;
}
+ (void)addRecentEmotion:(HWEmotion *)emotion
{
// 刪除重復的表情
[_recentEmotions removeObject:emotion];
// 將表情放到數組的最前面
[_recentEmotions insertObject:emotion atIndex:0];
// 將所有的表情數據寫入沙盒
[NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:_recentEmotions toFile:HWRecentEmotionsPath];
}
/**
* 返回裝著HWEmotion模型的數組
*/
+ (NSArray *)recentEmotions
{
return _recentEmotions;
}
static NSArray *_emojiEmotions, *_defaultEmotions, *_lxhEmotions;
+ (NSArray *)emojiEmotions
{
if (!_emojiEmotions) {
NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"EmotionIcons/emoji/info.plist" ofType:nil];
_emojiEmotions = [HWEmotion objectArrayWithKeyValuesArray:[NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:path]];
}
return _emojiEmotions;
}
+ (NSArray *)defaultEmotions
{
if (!_defaultEmotions) {
NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"EmotionIcons/default/info.plist" ofType:nil];
_defaultEmotions = [HWEmotion objectArrayWithKeyValuesArray:[NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:path]];
}
return _defaultEmotions;
}
+ (NSArray *)lxhEmotions
{
if (!_lxhEmotions) {
NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"EmotionIcons/lxh/info.plist" ofType:nil];
_lxhEmotions = [HWEmotion objectArrayWithKeyValuesArray:[NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:path]];
}
return _lxhEmotions;
}
@end
3>HWStatus
#import "HWStatus.h"
#import "MJExtension.h"
#import "HWPhoto.h"
#import "HWUser.h"
#import "HWTextPart.h"
#import "RegexKitLite.h"
#import "HWEmotion.h"
#import "HWEmotionTool.h"
@implementation HWStatus
- (NSDictionary *)objectClassInArray
{
return @{@"pic_urls" : [HWPhoto class]};
}
/**
* 普通文字 --> 屬性文字
*
* @param text 普通文字
*
* @return 屬性文字
*/
- (NSAttributedString *)attributedTextWithText:(NSString *)text
{
NSMutableAttributedString *attributedText = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] init];
// 表情的規則
NSString *emotionPattern = @"\\[[0-9a-zA-Z\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]+\\]";
// @的規則
NSString *atPattern = @"@[0-9a-zA-Z\\u4e00-\\u9fa5-_]+";
// #話題#的規則
NSString *topicPattern = @"#[0-9a-zA-Z\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]+#";
// url鏈接的規則
NSString *urlPattern = @"\\b(([\\w-]+://?|www[.])[^\\s()<>]+(?:\\([\\w\\d]+\\)|([^[:punct:]\\s]|/)))";
NSString *pattern = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@|%@|%@|%@", emotionPattern, atPattern, topicPattern, urlPattern];
// 遍歷所有的特殊字符串
NSMutableArray *parts = [NSMutableArray array];
[text enumerateStringsMatchedByRegex:pattern usingBlock:^(NSInteger captureCount, NSString *const
__unsafe_unretained *capturedStrings, const NSRange *capturedRanges, volatile BOOL *const stop) {
if ((*capturedRanges).length == 0) return;
HWTextPart *part = [[HWTextPart alloc] init];
part.special = YES;
part.text = *capturedStrings;
part.emotion = [part.text hasPrefix:@"["] && [part.text hasSuffix:@"]"];
part.range = *capturedRanges;
[parts addObject:part];
}];
// 遍歷所有的非特殊字符
[text enumerateStringsSeparatedByRegex:pattern usingBlock:^(NSInteger captureCount, NSString *const
__unsafe_unretained *capturedStrings, const NSRange *capturedRanges, volatile BOOL *const stop) {
if ((*capturedRanges).length == 0) return;
HWTextPart *part = [[HWTextPart alloc] init];
part.text = *capturedStrings;
part.range = *capturedRanges;
[parts addObject:part];
}];
// 排序
// 系統是按照從小 -> 大的順序排列對象
[parts sortUsingComparator:^NSComparisonResult(HWTextPart *part1, HWTextPart *part2) {
// NSOrderedAscending = -1L, NSOrderedSame, NSOrderedDescending
// 返回NSOrderedSame:兩個一樣大
// NSOrderedAscending(升序):part2>part1
// NSOrderedDescending(降序):part1>part2
if (part1.range.location > part2.range.location) {
// part1>part2
// part1放後面, part2放前面
return NSOrderedDescending;
}
// part1<part2 -="" :="" _retweeted_status="retweeted_status;" _text="[text" addattribute:nsfontattributename="" attch="[[NSTextAttachment" attch.bounds="CGRectMake(0," attch.image="[UIImage" attributedtext="" else="" font="[UIFont" for="" hwstatus="" hwtextpart="" if="" in="" initwithstring:part.text="" name="[HWEmotionTool" nsattributedstring="" nsforegroundcolorattributename="" nsstring="" nstextattachment="" part="" pre="" return="" retweetcontent="[NSString" retweeted_status="" self.attributedtext="[self" self.retweetedattributedtext="[self" substr="[NSAttributedString" text="" uicolor="" uifont="" value:font="">
實現:對關鍵字點擊實現高亮顯示

關鍵:首先判斷手指是否在關鍵字上,其次算出關鍵字的范圍,最後設置高亮背景!!!
注1:利用UILabel不能根據文字找出文字對應的尺寸范圍,利用UITextView可以實現,自定義HWStatusTextView!
注2:textView默認會有內邊距,需要取消
注3:
self.editable = NO;
self.textContainerInset =UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, -5, 0, -5);
// 禁止滾動,讓文字完全顯示出來
self.scrollEnabled = NO;
注1:找出關鍵字在textView的范圍,可以使用textView的selectedRange屬性,再通過selectionRectsForRange:方法!!!
注2:找出關鍵字的range,自定義HWSpecial模型
#import@interface HWSpecial : NSObject /** 這段特殊文字的內容 */ @property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *text; /** 這段特殊文字的范圍 */ @property (nonatomic, assign) NSRange range; @end
注3:在HWStatus中拼接字符串時,計算每個字符串中的特殊文字,將HWSpecial模型數組綁定到attributedText中,就可以在textView中根據Key取出特殊字符串!!!
UIFont *font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:15];
NSMutableArray *specials = [NSMutableArray array];
// 按順序拼接每一段文字
for (HWTextPart *part in parts) {
// 等會需要拼接的子串
NSAttributedString *substr = nil;
if (part.isEmotion) { // 表情
NSTextAttachment *attch = [[NSTextAttachment alloc] init];
NSString *name = [HWEmotionTool emotionWithChs:part.text].png;
if (name) { // 能找到對應的圖片
attch.image = [UIImage imageNamed:name];
attch.bounds = CGRectMake(0, -3, font.lineHeight, font.lineHeight);
substr = [NSAttributedString attributedStringWithAttachment:attch];
} else { // 表情圖片不存在
substr = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:part.text];
}
} else if (part.special) { // 非表情的特殊文字
substr = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:part.text attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName : [UIColor redColor]
}];
// 創建特殊對象
HWSpecial *s = [[HWSpecial alloc] init];
s.text = part.text;
NSUInteger loc = attributedText.length;
NSUInteger len = part.text.length;
s.range = NSMakeRange(loc, len);
[specials addObject:s];
} else { // 非特殊文字
substr = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:part.text];
}
[attributedText appendAttributedString:substr];
}
// 一定要設置字體,保證計算出來的尺寸是正確的
[attributedText addAttribute:NSFontAttributeName value:font range:NSMakeRange(0, attributedText.length)];
[attributedText addAttribute:@"specials" value:specials range:NSMakeRange(0, 1)];
注4:HWStatusTextView中處理如下:
#import "HWStatusTextView.h"
#import "HWSpecial.h"
#define HWStatusTextViewCoverTag 999
@implementation HWStatusTextView
- (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame
{
self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
if (self) {
self.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
self.editable = NO;
self.textContainerInset = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, -5, 0, -5);
// 禁止滾動, 讓文字完全顯示出來
self.scrollEnabled = NO;
}
return self;
}
- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
// 觸摸對象
UITouch *touch = [touches anyObject];
// 觸摸點
CGPoint point = [touch locationInView:self];
NSArray *specials = [self.attributedText attribute:@"specials" atIndex:0 effectiveRange:NULL];
BOOL contains = NO;
for (HWSpecial *special in specials) {
self.selectedRange = special.range;
// self.selectedRange --影響--> self.selectedTextRange
// 獲得選中范圍的矩形框
NSArray *rects = [self selectionRectsForRange:self.selectedTextRange];
// 清空選中范圍
self.selectedRange = NSMakeRange(0, 0);
for (UITextSelectionRect *selectionRect in rects) {
CGRect rect = selectionRect.rect;
if (rect.size.width == 0 || rect.size.height == 0) continue;
if (CGRectContainsPoint(rect, point)) { // 點中了某個特殊字符串
contains = YES;
break;
}
}
if (contains) {
for (UITextSelectionRect *selectionRect in rects) {
CGRect rect = selectionRect.rect;
if (rect.size.width == 0 || rect.size.height == 0) continue;
UIView *cover = [[UIView alloc] init];
cover.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];
cover.frame = rect;
cover.tag = HWStatusTextViewCoverTag;
cover.layer.cornerRadius = 5;
[self insertSubview:cover atIndex:0];
}
break;
}
}
}
- (void)touchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(0.25 * NSEC_PER_SEC)), dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[self touchesCancelled:touches withEvent:event];
});
}
- (void)touchesCancelled:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
// 去掉特殊字符串後面的高亮背景
for (UIView *child in self.subviews) {
if (child.tag == HWStatusTextViewCoverTag) [child removeFromSuperview];
}
}
@end
/**
* 獲取特殊字符串rect數組
*/
- (void)setupSpecialRects
{
NSArray *specials = [self.attributedText attribute:@"specials" atIndex:0 effectiveRange:NULL];
for (HWSpecial *special in specials) {
self.selectedRange = special.range;
// self.selectedRange --影響--> self.selectedTextRange
// 獲得選中范圍的矩形框
NSArray *selectionRects = [self selectionRectsForRange:self.selectedTextRange];
// 清空選中范圍
self.selectedRange = NSMakeRange(0, 0);
NSMutableArray *rects = [NSMutableArray array];
for (UITextSelectionRect *selectionRect in selectionRects) {
CGRect rect = selectionRect.rect;
if (rect.size.width == 0 || rect.size.height == 0) continue;
// 添加rect
[rects addObject:[NSValue valueWithCGRect:rect]];
}
special.rects = rects;
}
}
/**
* 找出被觸摸的特殊字符串
*/
- (HWSpecial *)touchingSpecialWithPoint:(CGPoint)point
{
NSArray *specials = [self.attributedText attribute:@"specials" atIndex:0 effectiveRange:NULL];
for (HWSpecial *special in specials) {
for (NSValue *rectValue in special.rects) {
if (CGRectContainsPoint(rectValue.CGRectValue, point)) { // 點中了某個特殊字符串
return special;
}
}
}
return nil;
}
- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
// 觸摸對象
UITouch *touch = [touches anyObject];
// 觸摸點
CGPoint point = [touch locationInView:self];
// 初始化矩形框
[self setupSpecialRects];
// 根據觸摸點獲得被觸摸的特殊字符串
HWSpecial *special = [self touchingSpecialWithPoint:point];
// 在被觸摸的特殊字符串後面顯示一段高亮的背景
for (NSValue *rectValue in special.rects) {
// 在被觸摸的特殊字符串後面顯示一段高亮的背景
UIView *cover = [[UIView alloc] init];
cover.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];
cover.frame = rectValue.CGRectValue;
cover.tag = HWStatusTextViewCoverTag;
cover.layer.cornerRadius = 5;
[self insertSubview:cover atIndex:0];
}
}
注:上述做法,textView攔截了所有的觸摸事件,即點擊了textView,事件不會交給cell去處理,實際應用中,點擊cell,還需要跳轉微博詳情,即交給cell去處理cell點擊事件,因此需要修改textView的事件處理,再點擊關鍵字的時候交給textView處理,其余情況下交給cell去處理!!!
觸摸事件的處理
1.判斷觸摸點在誰身上:調用所有UI控件的-(BOOL)pointInside:(CGPoint)point withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
2.pointInside返回YES的控件就是觸摸點所在的UI控件
3.由觸摸點所在的UI控件選出處理事件的UI控件:調用- (UIView*)hitTest:(CGPoint)point withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
//- (UIView *)hitTest:(CGPoint)point withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
//{
// return [super hitTest:point withEvent:event];
//}
/**
* 告訴系統:觸摸點point是否在這個UI控件身上
*/
- (BOOL)pointInside:(CGPoint)point withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
// 初始化矩形框
[self setupSpecialRects];
// 根據觸摸點獲得被觸摸的特殊字符串
HWSpecial *special = [self touchingSpecialWithPoint:point];
return special : YES ? NO;
}