
Xcode8發布以後,編譯器開始不支持IOS7,所以很多應用在適配IOS10之後都不在適配IOS7了,其中包括了很多大公司,網易新聞,滴滴出行等。因此,我們公司的應用也打算淘汰IOS7。
支持到IOS8,第一個要改的自然是用WKWebView替換原來的UIWebView。WKWebView有很多明顯優勢:
更多的支持HTML5的特性
官方宣稱的高達60fps的滾動刷新率以及內置手勢
將UIWebViewDelegate與UIWebView拆分成了14類與3個協議,以前很多不方便實現的功能得以實現。文檔
Safari相同的JavaScript引擎
占用更少的內存
UIWebView

WKWebView

因此,使用WkWebview替換UIWebView還是很有必要的。
WKWebView有兩個delegate,WKUIDelegate 和 WKNavigationDelegate。WKNavigationDelegate主要處理一些跳轉、加載處理操作,WKUIDelegate主要處理JS腳本,確認框,警告框等。因此WKNavigationDelegate更加常用。
比較常用的方法:
#pragma mark - lifeCircle
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
webView = [[WKWebView alloc]init];
[self.view addSubview:webView];
[webView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.left.equalTo(self.view);
make.right.equalTo(self.view);
make.top.equalTo(self.view);
make.bottom.equalTo(self.view);
}];
webView.UIDelegate = self;
webView.navigationDelegate = self;
[webView loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.baidu.com"]]];
}
#pragma mark - WKNavigationDelegate
// 頁面開始加載時調用
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didStartProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{
}
// 當內容開始返回時調用
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didCommitNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{
}
// 頁面加載完成之後調用
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFinishNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{
}
// 頁面加載失敗時調用
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFailProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{
}
// 接收到服務器跳轉請求之後調用
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didReceiveServerRedirectForProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{
}
// 在收到響應後,決定是否跳轉
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationResponse:(WKNavigationResponse *)navigationResponse decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationResponsePolicy))decisionHandler{
NSLog(@"%@",navigationResponse.response.URL.absoluteString);
//允許跳轉
decisionHandler(WKNavigationResponsePolicyAllow);
//不允許跳轉
//decisionHandler(WKNavigationResponsePolicyCancel);
}
// 在發送請求之前,決定是否跳轉
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationAction:(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationActionPolicy))decisionHandler{
NSLog(@"%@",navigationAction.request.URL.absoluteString);
//允許跳轉
decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicyAllow);
//不允許跳轉
//decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicyCancel);
}
#pragma mark - WKUIDelegate
// 創建一個新的WebView
- (WKWebView *)webView:(WKWebView *)webView createWebViewWithConfiguration:(WKWebViewConfiguration *)configuration forNavigationAction:(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction windowFeatures:(WKWindowFeatures *)windowFeatures{
return [[WKWebView alloc]init];
}
// 輸入框
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptTextInputPanelWithPrompt:(NSString *)prompt defaultText:(nullable NSString *)defaultText initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(NSString * __nullable result))completionHandler{
completionHandler(@"http");
}
// 確認框
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptConfirmPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(BOOL result))completionHandler{
completionHandler(YES);
}
// 警告框
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptAlertPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(void))completionHandler{
NSLog(@"%@",message);
completionHandler();
}WKWebview提供了API實現js交互 不需要借助JavaScriptCore或者webJavaScriptBridge。使用WKUserContentController實現js native交互。簡單的說就是先注冊約定好的方法,然後再調用。
oc代碼(有誤,內存不釋放):
@interface ViewController (){
WKWebView * webView;
WKUserContentController* userContentController;
}
@end
@implementation ViewController
#pragma mark - lifeCircle
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
//配置環境
WKWebViewConfiguration * configuration = [[WKWebViewConfiguration alloc]init];
userContentController =[[WKUserContentController alloc]init];
configuration.userContentController = userContentController;
webView = [[WKWebView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 100) configuration:configuration];
//注冊方法
[userContentController addScriptMessageHandler:self name:@"sayhello"];//注冊一個name為sayhello的js方法
[self.view addSubview:webView];
[webView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.left.equalTo(self.view);
make.right.equalTo(self.view);
make.top.equalTo(self.view);
make.bottom.equalTo(self.view);
}];
webView.UIDelegate = self;
webView.navigationDelegate = self;
[webView loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.test.com"]]];
}
- (void)dealloc{
//這裡需要注意,前面增加過的方法一定要remove掉。
[userContentController removeScriptMessageHandlerForName:@"sayhello"];
}
#pragma mark - WKScriptMessageHandler
- (void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message{
NSLog(@"name:%@\\\\n body:%@\\\\n frameInfo:%@\\\\n",message.name,message.body,message.frameInfo);
}
@end上面的OC代碼如果認證測試一下就會發現dealloc並不會執行,這樣肯定是不行的,會造成內存洩漏。原因是[userContentController addScriptMessageHandler:self name:@"sayhello"];這句代碼造成無法釋放內存。(ps:試了下用weak指針還是不能釋放,不知道是什麼原因。)因此還需要進一步改進,正確的寫法是用一個新的controller來處理,新的controller再繞用delegate繞回來。
oc代碼(正確寫法):
@interface ViewController (){
WKWebView * webView;
WKUserContentController* userContentController;
}
@end
@implementation ViewController
#pragma mark - lifeCircle
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
//配置環境
WKWebViewConfiguration * configuration = [[WKWebViewConfiguration alloc]init];
userContentController =[[WKUserContentController alloc]init];
configuration.userContentController = userContentController;
webView = [[WKWebView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 100) configuration:configuration];
//注冊方法
WKDelegateController * delegateController = [[WKDelegateController alloc]init];
delegateController.delegate = self;
[userContentController addScriptMessageHandler:delegateController name:@"sayhello"];
[self.view addSubview:webView];
[webView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.left.equalTo(self.view);
make.right.equalTo(self.view);
make.top.equalTo(self.view);
make.bottom.equalTo(self.view);
}];
webView.UIDelegate = self;
webView.navigationDelegate = self;
[webView loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.test.com"]]];
}
- (void)dealloc{
//這裡需要注意,前面增加過的方法一定要remove掉。
[userContentController removeScriptMessageHandlerForName:@"sayhello"];
}
#pragma mark - WKScriptMessageHandler
- (void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message{
NSLog(@"name:%@\\\\n body:%@\\\\n frameInfo:%@\\\\n",message.name,message.body,message.frameInfo);
}
@endWKDelegateController代碼:
#import #import @protocol WKDelegate - (void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message; @end @interface WKDelegateController : UIViewController @property (weak , nonatomic) id delegate; @end
.m代碼:
#import "WKDelegateController.h"
@interface WKDelegateController ()
@end
@implementation WKDelegateController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
}
- (void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message{
if ([self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(userContentController:didReceiveScriptMessage:)]) {
[self.delegate userContentController:userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:message];
}
}
@endh5代碼:
function say()
{
//前端需要用 window.webkit.messageHandlers.注冊的方法名.postMessage({body:傳輸的數據} 來給native發送消息
window.webkit.messageHandlers.sayhello.postMessage({body: 'hello world!'});
} hello world say hello打印出的log:
name:sayhello
body:{
body = "hello world!";
}
frameInfo:addScriptMessageHandler要和removeScriptMessageHandlerForName配套出現,否則會造成內存洩漏。
h5只能傳一個參數,如果需要多個參數就需要用字典或者json組裝。
代碼如下:
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)tmpWebView didFinishNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{
//say()是JS方法名,completionHandler是異步回調block
[webView evaluateJavaScript:@"say()" completionHandler:^(id _Nullable result, NSError * _Nullable error) {
NSLog(@"%@",result);
}];
}h5代碼同上。
一般來說,一個好的UI總有一個大神會開發出一個好的第三方封裝框架。WebViewJavascriptBridge的作者也做了一套支持WKWebView與JS交互的第三方框架:WKWebViewJavascriptBridge。
cocoaPods: pod 'WebViewJavascriptBridge', '~> 5.0.5'
github地址:https://github.com/marcuswestin/WebViewJavascriptBridge
主要方法如下:
//初始化方法 + (instancetype)bridgeForWebView:(WKWebView*)webView; + (void)enableLogging; //注冊函數名 - (void)registerHandler:(NSString*)handlerName handler:(WVJBHandler)handler; //調用函數名 - (void)callHandler:(NSString*)handlerName; - (void)callHandler:(NSString*)handlerName data:(id)data; - (void)callHandler:(NSString*)handlerName data:(id)data responseCallback:(WVJBResponseCallback)responseCallback; //重置 - (void)reset; //設置WKNavigationDelegate - (void)setWebViewDelegate:(id)webViewDelegate;
基本的實現方法和上面寫的差不多,就是封裝了一下,有興趣的童鞋可以自己pod下來使用。
前不久把項目中的UIWebView更新到WkWebView,解決了一大堆問題,但是也遺留了一大堆問題,比方說cookie。
以前UIWebView會自動去NSHTTPCookieStorage中讀取cookie,但是WKWebView並不會去讀取,因此導致cookie丟失以及一系列問題,解決方式就是在request中手動幫其添加上。
mainWebView.UIDelegate = self;
mainWebView.navigationDelegate = self;
NSMutableURLRequest *request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.test.com"]];
[request addValue:[self readCurrentCookieWithDomain:@"http://www.test.com/"] forHTTPHeaderField:@"Cookie"];
[mainWebView loadRequest:request];
- (NSString *)readCurrentCookieWithDomain:(NSString *)domainStr{
NSHTTPCookieStorage*cookieJar = [NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage];
NSMutableString * cookieString = [[NSMutableString alloc]init];
for (NSHTTPCookie*cookie in [cookieJar cookies]) {
[cookieString appendFormat:@"%@=%@;",cookie.name,cookie.value];
}
//刪除最後一個“;”
[cookieString deleteCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(cookieString.length - 1, 1)];
return cookieString;
}但是這只能解決第一次進入的cookie問題,如果頁面內跳轉(a標簽等)還是取不到cookie,因此還要再加代碼。
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFinishNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation {
//取出cookie
NSHTTPCookieStorage *cookieStorage = [NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage];
//js函數
NSString *JSFuncString =
@"function setCookie(name,value,expires)\
{\
var oDate=new Date();\
oDate.setDate(oDate.getDate()+expires);\
document.cookie=name+'='+value+';expires='+oDate+';path=/'\
}\
function getCookie(name)\
{\
var arr = document.cookie.match(new RegExp('(^| )'+name+'=({FNXX==XXFN}*)(;|$)'));\
if(arr != null) return unescape(arr[2]); return null;\
}\
function delCookie(name)\
{\
var exp = new Date();\
exp.setTime(exp.getTime() - 1);\
var cval=getCookie(name);\
if(cval!=null) document.cookie= name + '='+cval+';expires='+exp.toGMTString();\
}";
//拼湊js字符串
NSMutableString *JSCookieString = JSFuncString.mutableCopy;
for (NSHTTPCookie *cookie in cookieStorage.cookies) {
NSString *excuteJSString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"setCookie('%@', '%@', 1);", cookie.name, cookie.value];
[JSCookieString appendString:excuteJSString];
}
//執行js
[webView evaluateJavaScript:JSCookieString completionHandler:nil];
}